As the busy High School and college graduation time approaches, it’s worth a reminder that June 30 is the online filing deadline for the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA) for school year 2009-10.
FAFSA is the form the federal government requires before you can qualify for any federal education aid. Most state governments have already had deadlines pass for their forms, but that doesn’t mean that students and their parents shouldn’t file anyway – some states continue to award money until their funds for financial aid are depleted. If you have a student already in college, this deadline means it’s time to focus. If your child is a few years away from college, the date provides a good chance to learn and plan.
The National Center for Education Statistics reported in reported in April that about 76 percent of first-time, full-time students received some kind of financial aid for the 2007-08 academic year, up from about 73 percent the previous year. The jump from year-to-year was likely fueled by recessionary pressure on parents and students. But this raises an important point: Unless there’s absolutely no doubt that you can pay cash for an undergraduate or graduate education, it’s essential to fill out both state and federal FAFSAs while keeping an eye on all potential sources of college aid.
A financial planning professional is the best first stop for long-term college planning, but they can also provide strategic advice for students and their parents who need to find short-term funding solutions for tuition, room, board and books. It’s increasingly important to get as much individualized assistance as major changes are going on in the college-funding picture both in the private and public sector.
But FAFSA is all where it starts. Today, the application is an online process on the U.S. Department of Education’s Federal Student Aid website. It’s a lengthy process, but the site takes students and parents through each stage step-by-step.
Even if your child isn’t headed for school for a few years, it makes sense to go over the FAFSA form as soon as possible. The form assesses the student’s and parents’ income, investments and other financial resources, and arrives at something called an EFC number, short for Expected Family Contribution. The online version allows you to test those numbers in advance. A college takes your EFC and does a simple calculation, taking the total cost of attendance, subtracting your EFC and ending up with your total amount of financial need. And based on that computation, the school’s financial aid office will prepare a financial aid package that will be summarized in a letter.
If you’re a student or a parent, here are the main items you’ll need to complete the form:
1. The student’s Social Security number
2. Driver’s license number (if available)
3. The student’s most recent tax return (if available)
4. The parent’s most recent federal and state tax returns (for students registering as dependents)
5. 2009 untaxed income records
a. Child support received
b. Workman’s Compensation
c. Veteran’s non-education benefit records
6. Bank account information
7. Documentation forms for resident aliens.
Here are a few starting points on the financial aid process:
If you’re not sure about your overall college finances, get advice first: A CFP® professional can start by helping you sort out your finances and affordability options for various college choices. Also, planners can tell you what assets should and should not be included on the FAFSA form to give you the maximum opportunity for aid.
File early: Federal deadlines are firm, and keep in mind that during the economic crisis, state budgets for college aid are tight, and those deadlines are generally earlier anyway. Get the necessary application information in early to be first in line for grants – the best form of college aid because grants don’t have to be paid back. Also, keep in mind that Washington has bumped the 2009-10 maximum scholarship for the Pell Grant up to $5,350, up $619 from last year’s award.
Bring your tax professional into the discussion: A financial planner can offer extensive advice on the college planning process, but tax professionals can help you find more tax-efficient ways to structure your finances and plan for college that won’t negatively impact your ability to qualify for financial aid.
Stay close to the financial aid office throughout the process: Not only is it important to make sure the necessary paperwork is in the aid office at each of your student’s chosen schools, it’s important to keep the aid office informed if there’s a sudden change to a family’s financial circumstances, such as a job loss or change in marital or health status.
Focus on scholarships and grants: Employers, clubs, fraternal societies, trade associations related to your field of study, professional networking associations related to your eventual career (many of these groups have chapters at colleges) and companies that employ parents or summer interns are great potential resources for scholarships and grant money. If any of these options have a scholarship fund, do whatever it takes to find out about qualifications for these programs. Though with so many states in budget trouble, it makes sense to keep an eye on any grants you receive from local or state government. It’s entirely possible that public funding shortfalls can endanger grants when the student needs to pay bills.
Public service might buy loan forgiveness. The College Cost Reduction and Access Act of 2007 established a public service loan forgiveness program that discharges any remaining school debt (remaining interest and principal) after 10 years of full-time employment in public service. The borrower must have made at least 120 payments as part of the federal Direct Loan program in order to qualify. Only payments made on or after Oct. 1, 2007 count toward eligibility in the program. Which jobs count as public service jobs? A partial list includes jobs in emergency management, military service, police and fire positions, certain health employees, public education and public legal services. For more details, check www.federalstudentaid.ed.gov.
May 2010 — This column is provided by the Financial Planning Association® (FPA®) of Puget Sound, the leadership and advocacy organization connecting those who provide, support and benefit from professional financial planning. FPA is the community that fosters the value of financial planning and advances the financial planning profession and its members demonstrate and support a professional commitment to education and a client-centered financial planning process. Please credit FPA of Puget Sound if you use this column in whole or in part.
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